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The 2011 earthquake off the Pacific coast of Tohoku (Japanese: 東北地方太平洋沖地震(Tōhoku chihō Taiheiyō oki jishin?)),[6] also known as the 2011 Tohoku earthquake,[7] or theGreat East Japan Earthquake,[8][9] (Japanese: “Eastern Japan Great Earthquake Disaster”(東日本大震災 Higashi Nihon Daishinsai?)[fn 1]) was a magnitude 9.0 (Mw) underseamegathrust earthquake off the coast of Japan that occurred at 14:46 JST (05:46 UTC) on Friday, 11 March 2011,[2][3][10] with the epicenter approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of the Oshika Peninsula of Tōhoku and the hypocenter at an underwater depth of approximately 32 km (20 mi).[2][11] It was the most powerful known earthquake ever to have hit Japan, and one of the five most powerful earthquakes in the world since modern record-keeping began in 1900.[10][12][13] The earthquake triggered powerful tsunami waves that reached heights of up to 40.5 metres (133 ft) in Miyako in Tōhoku’s Iwate Prefecture,[14][15] and which, in the Sendaiarea, travelled up to 10 km (6 mi) inland.[16] The earthquake moved Honshu 2.4 m (8 ft) east and shifted the Earth on its axis by estimates of between 10 cm (4 in) and 25 cm (10 in).[17][18][19]
